Ventilating, air-conditioning, and heating ducts provide a path for fire and smoke, which can travel throughout a building. The ordinary types of dampers that are often installed in these ducts depend on gravity-close action or spring-and-level mechanisms. When their releases are activated, they are freed to drop inside the duct. A fusible link attachment to […]
Read More…The spread of an unrestricted air stream is determined by the grille bar deflection. Grilles with vertical face bars at 0° deflection will have a maximum throw value. As the deflection setting of vertical bars is increased, the air stream covers a wider area and the throw decreases. Registers are available with adjustable valves. An […]
Read More…Return air grilles should be selected for static pressures. These pressures will provide the required NC rating and conform to the return system performance characteristics. Fan sound power is transmitted through the return air system as well as the supply system. Fan silencing may be necessary or desirable in the return side. This is particularly […]
Read More…Product research in controlling casing noise has developed a new method of reducing radiated noise. The technique is known as vortex shedding. When applied to terminal boxes, casing radiated noise is dramatically lowered. Casing radiation attenuation (CRA) vortex shedders can be installed in all single- or dual-duct boxes up to 7000 cfm, constant volume or […]
Read More…Terminal boxes can sometimes be located over noisy areas (corridors, toilet areas or machine equipment rooms), rather than over quiet areas. In quiet areas casing noise can penetrate the suspended ceiling and become objectionable. Enclosures built around the terminal box (such as sheetrock or sheet lead over a glass-fiber blanket wrapped around the box) can […]
Read More…High velocities in the duct or diffuser typically generate air noise. The flow turbulence in the duct and the excessive pressure reductions in the duct and diffuser system also generate noise. Such noise is most apparent directly under the diffuser. Room background levels of NC 35 and less provide little masking effect. Any noise source […]
Read More…The diffuser or grille minimum pressure for a given air volume reflects itself in ultimate system fan horsepower requirements. A diffuser or grille with a lower pressure rating requires less total energy than a unit with a higher pressure rating for a given air volume and effective area. Diffusers and grilles of a given size […]
Read More…Throw and occupied area air location are closely related. Both could be considered in the analysis of specific area requirements. The minimum maximum throw for a given condition of aeration is based upon a terminal velocity at that distance from the diffuser. The residual room velocity is a function of throw to terminal velocity. Throw […]
Read More…The air volume per diffuser or grille is that which is necessary for the cooling, heating, or ventilation requirements of the area served by the unit. The air volume required, when related to throw, sound, or pressuredesign limitations, determines the proper diffuser or grille size. Generally, air volumes for internal zones of building spaces vary […]
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Bottom or side outlet openings in horizontal or vertical supply ducts should be equipped with adjustable flow-equalizing devices. Figure 17-6 indicates the pronounced one-sided flow effect from an outlet opening. This is before the corrective effect of air-turning devices. A control grid is added in Fig. 17-7 to equalize flow in the takeoff collar. A […]
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